About A Tempest by Aime Cesaire and The Tempest by Shakespeare.

• Name:- Rayjada Mitalba Jaydipsinh.      Paper No:- 11 (Post-ColonialLiterature).    Roll No:- 20
• Topic:- About A Tempest by Aime Cesarea and The Tempest by Shakespeare.
• M.A.:- sem 3     
• Pg. Reg. No:- 2069108420190040
• Submitted to Smt S.B.Gardi Department of English, Maharaja Krushnkumarsinhji Bhavnagar University.

• Aime Cesaire:-  He full name is Aime Fernand David Cesaire. He born in 26 june 1913 and died 17 April 2008. He was a Francophone and French poet, author, and politician from the region of Martinique. He was 'One of the Founders of the negritude movement in Francophone literature' . His works included Und Tempete, a response to Shakespeare play The Tempest, and Discourse sur le colonialism an essay describing the strife between the colonizers and the colonized.

Character of A Tempest by Aime Cesaire :-

Ariel:- Ariel is the slave of Prospero and is bound to him as he rescued her from a tree which he was imprisoned in. Ariel has a lot of faith in prospero and believes him to be good. Therefore, he believes prospero when he explains that he will free him. It is unsure of Ariel is a woman or a man as the character has been played by both genders.

Prospero:- Prospero is the rightful Duke of milan and a magician. He and his daughter, Miranda are stranded on an island as a form of exile. Prospero is a quick witted, smart and cruel man and takes Ariel and Caliban as Prisoners. He also has a great education as he is of noble blood, which is why he has great magical powers.

Caliban:- Caliban is the son of the witch sycotax which is the witch that imprisoned Ariel in the tree. Caliban is half human and half monster and the rightful heir of the island , yet he is not clear which type of being Caliban is beside human, though he is believed to be either fish ,dwarf or tortoise.


The Tempest by William Shakespeare:-


Shakespeare's story of an exiled ruler who uses magic to restore his daughter to power argues that the powerful must show mercy. First performed in 1611, The Tempest explores the consequences of European settlement in the New World.


Shakespeare's The Tempest Characters :-


Prospero:- Prospero is one of Shakespeare more enigmatic protagonists. He is a sympathetic character in that he was wronged by his usurping brother, but his absolute power over the other characters and his overwrought speeches make him difficult to like.

Miranda:- Just under fifteen years old Miranda is a gentle and compassionate but also relatively passive heroine. From her very first lines she displays a meek and emotional nature. Miranda doesn't choose her Own husband.

Caliban:- Prospero dark earthy slave frequently referred to as a monster by the other characters. Caliban is the son of a witch jag and the only real native of the island to appear in the play. He is an extremely complex figure, and he mirrors or parodies several other characters in the play. In his first speech to Prosperous, Caliban insists that Prosperous stole the island from him.

Ariel:- Ariel is a spirit who works in Prosperous service. Prosperous first encountered Ariel soon after landing on the island. He found Ariel trapped in a cloven pine tree and freed the spirit from his prison. In return Ariel promised to serve prospero faithfully for a year, after which time Prospero would give Ariel back his freedom.

Gonzalo:- Gonzalo is among the men cast ashore during the tempest that opens the play. He serves as a counselor to Alonso the king of Naples though he once worked in Prospero service back when he was Duke of Milan.

Summary of A Tempest by Aime Cesaire:-


At the start Act 1the noblemen Gonzalo, Sebastian and Antonio are on board a ship in the midst of a huge storm. They worry about the storm sinking their ship, but when the captain arrives and tells them to go below deck so they will be safe, the men ignore him and continue their conversation. 

Miranda and her father Prospero an exiled Duke are on a nearby island and witness the sinking ship. Miranda begs Prospero comforts her by telling her that it's only a play and everything will turn out fine.

Prospero explains that he was exiled because of a political disagreement with Antonio and now date has brought Antonio to his island. Prospero has conspired with Ariel to cause a storm that will sink the ship. Ariel is a sea nymph who is under Prospero control. 

Prospero has promised to free her when he has finished taking revenge, but Ariel doubts that this will ever happen. In addition to Ariel Prospero has also enslaved Caliban the son of the withch Sycorax who Prospero killed in order to take over the island Calibanresents Prospero and schemes against him in order to gain his freedom. 

Miranda goes to help the survivors of the shipwreck and meets Ferdinand the son of the king, and the two are smitten by each other. Prospero enters and informs Ferdinand that he will be their house servant on the island. Meanwhile, Ariel goes to visit Caliban wants to revolt against Prospero, but Ariel thinks that it is better to take a peaceful path to freedom. 

Gonzalez, Sebastian and Antonio have also survived the shipwreck. Prospero forces Ariel to harass the men in various ways, forcing them to eat when they are worried that food is poisonous. Prospero enjoys exerting power over the men, but finally relays when the men beg forgiveness from him. He invites them to join him at the wedding of Miranda and FerdinNd tha will be taking place soon.

Caliban meets the fools Stephanie and Trinculo, who are celebrating because they think that the shipwreck has rid them of noblemen. He informs the fools that Prospero is also a tyrant and that they should get rid of him as well. The three form a plan to kill prospero and claim the island as their own. Prospero continues to toy with Ferdinand, making  him as well. 


TheTempest by William Shakespeare:-


A storm strikes a ship carrying Alonso,Ferdinand, Sebastian, Antonio, Gonzalo, Stephanie, and Trinculo who are on their way to Italy after coming from the wedding of Alonso's daughter Claribel to the prince of Tunis in Africa. 

The Royal party and the other mariers with the exception of the unflappable Boatswain begin to fear for their lives. Lightning cracks and the mariners cry that the ship has been hit. Everyone prepared to sink. The next scene begins much more quietly. 

Miranda and Prospero stand on the shore of their island looking out to sea at the recent shipwreck. Miranda asks her father to do anything ge can to help that poor souls in the ship.

Prospero assures h erthat everything is all right and then informs her that it is time she learned more about herself and her past. He reveals to her that he orchestrated the shipwreck and tells her the lengthy story of her past.

 A story he has often started to tell her before but never finished. The story goes that Prospero was the Duke of milan untuk his brother Antonio conspiring with Alonso the king of Naples usurped his position. Kidnapped and left to die on a raft at sea. 

Prospero and his daughter survive because Gonzalo leaves them supplies and Prospero 's books which are the source of his magic and power.

Prospero and his daughter arrived on the island where they remain now and have been for twelve years. Only now prospero says has fortune at last sent his enemies his way and ge has raised the Tempest in order to make things right with them once and for all. 

After telling this story prospero charms Miranda to sleep and then calls forth his familiar spirit Ariel, his chief magical agent. Prospero and Ariel's discussion reveals that Ariel brought the Tempest upon the ship and set fire to the mast. 

He then made sure that everyone got safely to the island though they are now separated from each other into small groups Ariel who is a captive servant to prospero, reminds his master that he has promised Ariel freedom a year early .

If he performs tasks such as these without complaint. Prospero chastises Ariel for protesting and reminds him of the horrible fate from which he was rescued. Before prospero came to the island. A witch named sycotax imprisoned Ariel in a tree.

Sycorax died. Leaving Ariel trapped until prospero arrived and freed him. After Ariel assures prospero that he knows his place, prospero orders Ariel to take the shape of a sea nymph and make himself invisible to all but prospero. Miranda awakens from her sleep and she and Prospero go to visit Caliban prospero's servant and the son of the dead sycorax. 

Caliban curses prospero and Prospero and miranda berate him for being ungrateful for what they have given and taught him. Prospero sends Caliban to fetch firewood. Ariel invisible enters playing music and leading in the awed Ferdinand.

Miranda and Ferdinand are immediately smitten with each other. He is the only man Miranda has ever see besides Caliban and her father. Prospero is happy to see that his plan for his daughter's future marriage is working but decides that he must upset things temporarily in order to prevent their relationship from developing too quickly. 

He accuses Ferdinand of merely pretending to be the prince of Naples and threatens him with imprisonment. When Ferdinand draws his sword. Prospero charms him and leads him off to prison ignoring Miranda's for mercy. He then sends Ariel on another mysterious mission .

Teaching English as a second Language in India focus on objectives.

•  Name:- Rayjada Mitalba Jaydipsinh.     
•  Pap No:- 12(English language Teaching).   Roll No:- 20
•  Topic:- Teaching English as a second   Language in India focus on objectives.       M.A.:- sem 3 
•  Pg. Reg. No:- 2069108420190040
•  Submitted to Smt S.B.Gardi Department   of   English, Maharaja   Krushnkumarsinhji   Bhavnagar   University.

• Introduction:- Teaching English as a second Language in India:Focus on Objectives"has discussed objectives of language teaching as well as the aim of teaching English as second Language in India.Firalt of all he has highlighted the objectives of Language teaching and Helping children to learn a language to perform a variety of function like self expression, catharsis, cognition. The global objectives of language teaching .

• A system network language in a multilingual setting, each language in this network has a function determined value of other languages in the system network in terms of own policy of language planning. But the society or government must realize will produce a chain reaction in the network are bound to undergo changes. The nation of link language or lingua freanca has an important significance in the multilingual setting.

• It encourages wider mobility notional interrogation and a sense of tolerance. It enriched other languages in contact and gets multilingual is a powerful way of enriching the linguistic repertoire of individual. These resource offered by plurality of language can be used for rapid social and economic changes and modernization programmer. 

• Learners are not just passive recipient of socially accepted language patterns. They play an active role in this teaching learning process. They actively strain filter and recognize what they are exposed to.

• Children should how to ask question, how to use language in social network etc.  Focus on objectives of language teaching. Functionally determined sub categorization of languages.

• First Language, Second Language, Foreign language, Classical Language.

• First Language:- Used for performing all essential, personal functions interprsonal functions. In order to live the young human has to be progressively incorporated into social organization, and the main condition of that incorporation is sharing the local magic that is the language. L1 is an indespensable instrument of national culture. It is the primary means for the transmission of culture from one generation to another.

• Learning through mother tongue is the most potent and comprehensive medium for the expression of the students entire personality. Education commission in 1902 recommend mother tongue as the proper medium of instruction for all classes up to the higher secondary level. 

• Second language:- May be used as an auxiliary or associate language as a slot filler performing those functions which are not normally performed by L1. English as a second Language functions primarily as an interstate or international link language. Some of them also use it as in international language of knowledge trade and industry.

• Foreign language:- Used by select grouo of learners in a very restricted set of situations. The main objective to learn a foreign language is to have direct access to the speaker of these languages and their cultures. It enables the learners to participate in a fore language like Russian is used in India for absorbing the cultural patterns.

• Classical Language:- A Classical  like Sanskrit provides access to ancient culture learning and philosophy of life and is assumed to contribute to the intellectual enrichment of its learners. It's real value cannot be measured in terms of what it helps you do in everyday life but in terms of refining enriching the modern language and offering insights into a variety of linguistic problems.

• He discusses need of English at the national level and at individual level. English is a Final language buy it is a single language but all the country speak the English Language. English is a link language or also window on the world and also library language. In this Essay three parts.     

• Bilingualism:- Ability to communicate in two or more language.
• Trilingualism:- Ability to communicate in three or more language.
• Multilingualism:- Ability to communicate in many language.

• Needs for English to be in a multilingual setting at both national and individual levels. What are the roles of language at different levels? English our "window on the world" at national level. Language of science and technology trade and commerce , political science, economic and international relations and industrial development.

• English based Indian bilinguals constitute the third largest pool of trained and technical manpower in the world. English as an associate official language favoured by all India institution the legal and banking system trade and commerce and defense . 

• English medium of instruction in several faculties at the college level greater proficiency. The library Language. English at individual levels the language seeking socio economic mobility language of opportunity.

• The objective of teaching English as a'Second Language'in India:- The ability to read easily and with understanding books in English written within a prescribed range of vacabulary and sentence structure. The readiness to proceed to a more reading that of reading that of reading u simplified texts, particularly those bound up with personal studies and interest. The ability to understand a talk in English on a subject of general experience and interests.

• In this essay four major skills:- Reading, Writing, Speaking, Listening 

• The language curriculum objective of different skills have their differences levels. To achieve the above objective there is a need to use selected reading material to supplement the texts used in class more time should be devoted to general reading. 

• This would help the students to expand their knowledge and experience of the language by reading at their own pace. The complex grammatical structures need to be explained preferably in their actuals use in the text. 

• Oral drills and written exercise can be use in reinforcing them. The development of oral skills should from integral part of the course both accuracy and fluency should aim at students should be function in natural situation.

• Techning English as a'Second Language' as illustrated above can be achieved in individualized programmed instruction for those students who are unable to attend formal classes inany institution. In following individualized programmed instruction in English the main learning effort required from the students involved the use of audio visual presentation of lesson material reinforced through drills and exercises in the language laboratories.

• So English will continue to play an important role in education in India for years to come. It is imperative to make the teaching of it as effective as possible at different levels. The language policy defining designing of syallabuses selection and gradation of instructional materials including audio visual. Listening and reading both are receptive skills. Speaking and writing both are productive skill.

• The aims :- the ability to write comprehensibly in English and without gross errors on a familiar topic range of vacabulary sentences. The ability to carry on comprehensibly a conversation in English on a topic based on experience and command postulated bt the syllabus.

• The level of active command:- The level of active command to be aimed should be adequate. Groups and group pattern English functions as service language promotes intellectual and cultural awareness of the contemporary world we live in provided information content necessary for modernization of our country. To achieve these objectives introduction a change in our syllabus methodology of Language, techning , materials, training programmes, attitude to learners and their language and system of evaluation.

• Infrastructure change atmosphere functions facilities roles and responsibilities proper climate and facilities to allow individual to realize to encourage them to use these capabilities for enrichment and for personal lives for social welfare.

• Objective:- the term aims objective are used interchangeably. However both have different meaning the main difference begging aim provide general direction to education purpose whereas objective indicate particularly achieve to be made in specific time limit. There are two types of objective 1 General objective 2 Specific objective

• All the essay concept is a how to learn Teaching English as a'Second Language'i. Shivendra Verma said that main aim of the education system is to provide learner proper atmosphere for learning and make the realize their capabilities.

Overview of The Scarlet Letter.

Name:- Rayjada Mitalba Jaydipsinh.            Paper no:- 10(M.A.:-Sem-3).           

Roll No:- 20

Topic:- Overview of The Scarlet Letter.      Pg. Reg No:- 206910842019008. 

Submitted to Smt. S.B.Gradi Department of English, Maharaja Krushnkumarsinhji Bhavnagar University.

Nathaniel:-

Nathaniel Hawthorne born in July 4,1804 and died May 19,1864 was an American novelist, dark romantic, and short story writer. Hawthorne was predominantly a short story writer in his early career. Upon publishing Twice-Told Tales, however, he goed,"I do not think muck of them," and he expected little response from the public. His four major romances were written between 1850 and 1860. The Scarlet Letter, The House of the seven Gables, The Blithedale Romnce and The Marble Faun. Another novel length romance, Fanshawe was published anonymously in 1828.

The Scarlet Letter:- 



The Scarlet Letter a romance is a work of historical fiction by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne published in 1850. The Scarlet Letter was one of the first mass-produced books in America. In the punishment of Hester Prynne, a young woman who has given birth to a baby of unknown parentage. She is required to wear a scarlet "A" on her dress when she is in front of the townspeople to shame her.The story begins in seventeenth century Boston. Heater husband a scholar much older than she is, sent her ahead to America, but he never arrived in Boston. Hester has apparently had an affair as she given birth to a child. She will not reveal her lover's identity , however and the scarlet letter, along with her public shaming, is her punishment for her sin and her secrecy

Character of Scarlet Letter:-

Hester Prynne:- Heater is the book's protagonist . As a young woman she is married an elderly scholar Chillingworth who sent her ahead to America to live but never followed her. While waiting for him. She has an affair with a puritan minister named Dimmesdale after which she gave birth to Pearl. 

Pearl:- Hester illegitimate daughter Pearl is a young girl. She quickly discerns the truth about her mother and Dimmesdale. She is wise far beyond her years, frequently engaging in ironic play having to do with her mother's Scarlet Letter.

Roger Chillingworth:- Roger Chillingworth is actually Hester's husband in disguise. He is much older than she is and had sent her to America while he settled his affairs in Europe. He is a scholar and uses his knowledge to disguise himself as a doctor.Chillingworth is self absorbed and both physically and psychologically monstrous. His single minded pursuit of retribution reveals him to be the most malevolent character in the novel.

Dimmesdale:- Dimmesdale is a young man who achieved fame in England as a theologian ans then emigrated to America. In a moment of weakness he and Hester became lovers. Although he will not confess it public he is the father of her child. Gedeeld with his guilt by tormenting himself physically and psychologically developing a heart condition as a result. Dimmesdale is an intelligent and emotional man.

Themes of Scarlet Letter:-

Man and Nature:- In the Scarlet Letter all the good stuff goes down in the woods. Nature is almost like a character personified as listening commenting on, and interacting with the other characters. At the same time it can be menacing. The puritan community is like an island surrounding by nature. bordered on one side by a huge expanse of woods, home to Native Americans the Wampanoag tribes and on the other the big blue Atlantic Ocean.

Identity and Society:- After Hester is publicly shamed and forced by the people of Boston to Wear a badge of humiliation. Hester reacts with dismay when Chillingworth tells her that the town fathers are considering letting her remove the letter.H Hester's behavior is premised on her desire to determine her own identity rather than to allow others to determine it for her. To her running away or removing the letter would be an acknowledggment of society's power over her she would be admitting that the letter is a mark of shamans something from which she desires to escape.

Dimmesdale also struggles against a socially determined identity. As the community's minister, he is more symbol than human being. Except for Chillingworth those around those around the minister willfully ignore his obvious anguish misinterpreting it as holiness Dimmesdale never fully recognizes the truth of what Hester has learned that Individuality and strength are gained by quiet self-assertion and by a reconfiguration.

Sin:- Sin is the central theme of the Scarlet Letter. Given that Hester's sin was committed at a time when her husband was presumed dead, her punishment seems disproportional to the crime She wears the Scarlet Letter literally and figuratively for the rest of her life. Her sin is visible and shameful but, ultimately, forgivable.

Love:- Although it does not seem that love is a dominant theme Dimmesdale and Hester love each other during the absence of her husband. The result is the birth of Pearl. It is because of love towards Dimmesdale Hester doesn't disclose his identity. She is shown as an epitome of love that she never ever tries to expose her lover. Her silent sacrifice wins Dimmesdale by the end, and he agrees to take her to England.

Damnation:- The theme of Damnation is one of the dominant themed in The Scarlet Letter. The description of the Rev. Arthur Dimmesdale in it is quite in keeping with the oldest and most full authorized principles in Christian thought. His 'Fall is, to be sure, a descent from a state of apparent grace to damnation he seems to begin in purity he ends in corruption he may have been a whole man at his death, he is in a state of spiritual disintegration. The subtlety of Hawthorne's view seems to be that the minister is his own deceiver he is that truly damned man who convinces himself at every stage of his spiritual pilgrimage that his is really "saved". More terrifyimg still he is that rare man who is gifted with unusual powers of penetration own mind 

Symbols of The Scarlet Letter:-

The Scarlet Letter:- The Scarlet Letter is meant to be a symbol of shame, but instead it becomes a powerful symbol of identity to Hester. The letter 's meaning shifts as time passes. Originally intended to mark Hester as an adulterer the 'A' eventually comes to stand for 'Able' .Election Day pageant think it marks her as a person of importance and status. Like Pearl, the letter functions as a physical reminder of Hester's affair with Dimmesdale. Additionally the instability of the letter 's apparent meaning calls into question society ability to use symbols for ideological reinforcement.

Red Color:- Although red color is mostly associated with sex, infatuation, passion, violence, and life of sin, it is also associated with true love and purity of heart. In the novel this color is associated with read roses which means energy, while at one place, it also shows lost passion and sincere love, as the scarlet letter and crimson color of cheeks show love and passion.

Pearl:- Pearl is a living symbol, the physical embodiment of Hester and Dimmesdale sin. In Chapter 19 the narrTor even calls Pearl a 'living hieroglyphic'. Yet Pearl, from her name to her comfort with nature, is also the most pure character in the novel. While the Puritans see her as a demon, the reader comes to see her as a kind of nature sprite cast out by a society that cannot accept her 'sinful' origins.

Forest and The Wilderness:- To the townspeople the forest is the unknown. It's outside of the town it's full of American Indians and scary creatures, and worst of all it's utterly lawless. The town is ruled by law and religion the forest a place of passion and emotion. Hester is cast out of the rules and order of the town forced to live in a metaphorical forest a wilderness of shadowy right and wrong. She had wandered, without rule or guidance, in a moral wilderness as vast as intricate and shadowy as the untamed forest.

The meteor:- As Dimmesdale stands on the scaffold with Hester and Pearl in chapter 12 a mentor traces out an 'A'in the night sky. To Dimmesdale the meteor implies that he should wear a mark of shame just as Hester does. The meteor is interpreted differently by the rest of the community, which thinks that it stands for 'Ange' and marks Governor Winthrop's entry into heaven.

The prison Door:- The novel begins this way 'A throng of beardedmen, is sad colored garments and gray steeple crowned hats, intermixed with women some wearing hoods and others bareheaded was assembled in front of a wooden edifice the door of which was heavily timbered with oak, and studded with iron spikes 'As this description shows, the prison Door like the jail itself symbolizes punishment. 

Themes of Lighthouse

Name :- Rayjada Mitalba Jaydipsinh.     Roll No :- 20          paper No:-9 (M.A) 

Pg. Reg No:- 2069108420190040.    

Topic:- Themes of Lighthouse.  

Submitted to Smt.S.B.Gradi Department of English, Maharaja Krushnkumarsinhji Bhavnagar University.

• 'ToThe Lighthouse':-

• Virginia Woolf:- 

   Woolf full name is a Adeline Virginia Woolf was an English writer. She born in January 1882 and died in 28March 1941. She was an English writer, considered one of the most important modernist 20th century authors and also a pioneer in the use of stream of consciousness as a narrative device.

Notable works:-

1. "Mrs. Dalloway"
2. "To The Lighthouse"
3. "A Room of One's Own"

To The Lighthouse in Three part:-

1. The Window. 2. Time Passed. 3. The Lighthouse.

To The Lighthouse characters:-

1. Mrs. Ramsay:-  Mr.Ramsay's wife. A beautiful and loving woman.
2. Mr.Ramsay:- Mrs. Ramsay's husband, and a prominent metaphysical philosopher.
3. Lily Briscoel:- A young woman, single Painter who befriends the Ramsay on the Skye.
4. James Ramsay:- The Ramsay's youngest son. James loves his mother deeply and feels a murderous antipathy toward his father. With whom he must compete for Mrs. Ramsay's love and affection.

Themes:-

Time:- To the Lighthouse in explores time at part 1 the window, and part 2 the Lighthouse occur almost in 'real time's as the action described takes place within a period more or less equivalent to the period of time it takes to read the section. In part 2 time passing the 'real time's of the window accelerates to breKneck speed and the section spans a whole decade in just a few pages. Without much attention to detail.

Love and Loss:- In Lighthouse each character contemplates love and copes with loos in individual ways. Often characters miss opportunities to connect with one another, making reflection their only expression of love or loss. Somtimes unconscious or seemingly unrelated action reveal love and loss. In 'the window' chapter 9, while Mr. Banked complains about Mr. Ramsay to Lily Briscoe, he quietly admires Mrs.Ramsay, making Lily aware of his unrequited love. In 'Time passes' chapter 6 quiet Augustus Carmichael grieved by Ramsay's death in time pass so lost Ramsay.

Lighthouse:- The Lighthouse offers a life force to Mrs. Ramsay and her family, propelling both the plot the novel opens with the conflict surrounding James's desire to go to it and the streams of consciousness that ensue. It has a clear and significant presence in this world. The Lighthouse is Mrs.Ramsay's source of stability and permanence, and it is the force that defines and joins the members of the Ramsay family.

Art as a Means of preservation:- 

Mr.Ramsay fails to obtain the philosophical understanding he so desperately desires, and Mrs. Ramsay's life, though filled with moments that have the shine and resilience of rubies, ends only Lily Briscoe finds a way to preserve her experienc, and that way is through her art. As Lily begins her portrait of Mrs.Ramsay at the beginning of the novel. Lily finishes the painting she started which stands as a moment of clarity wrested from confusion. Art is perhaps the only hope of surety in a world . While Mrs. Ramsay's death and painting on the lawn, Lily reflects the nothing stays, all changes but not words not paint.

Marriage: -

Mrs Ramsay really wants everyone to get married particularly women. Her marriage to Mr. Ramsay is actuLly the only real marriage we see in the novel. We do, however, hear about via Lily memory how the Rayley marriage which Mrs. Ramsay had encouraged so much, worked out it was unsuccessful.

Gender:-  in Lighthouse the theme of gender remains in focus as each character considers gender roles and relations from his or her own standpoint. Mrs. Ramsay delights in her womanhood, successfully fulfilling the traditional roles of caregiver, homemaker, beauty, comforter of men. Lily, on the other hand, resents those same tradisional roles, feeling her defiant pride undercut by anxiety and self doubt. Having successfully refused to give Mr.Ramsay the female sympathy he craves in the Lighthouse. Aside from considering men and women's individual gender roles, the novel also considers the gender relations within a marriage.

And  Mrs.Ramsay represent the conventional ideal indeed, Lily thinks they have suddenly transcended themselves and become a symbol as they stand on the lawn. The novel presents marriage and gender alike as complex, continued negotiations between the sexes, each facing a set of expectations that seldom fit but are nevertheless worked around, worked through, and reinvented.

Identity:- 

Mrs. Ramsay in particular is very conscious of her identity constantly interrogating herself and her character. She adopts a very subordinate position when in her interactions with other people, which means that her own true self is frequently stifled . 

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